Retraction Policy

Retraction Policy

The journal follows internationally recognized standards for handling retractions.

Grounds for Retraction  
Articles may be retracted due to:
- Plagiarism
- Data fabrication or falsification
- Ethical violations
- Serious errors affecting conclusions

Retraction Process  
Retractions are issued following an investigation by the editorial team.

Transparency  
Retracted articles will remain online with a clear retraction notice.

Corrections  
Minor errors may be corrected through errata or corrigenda.